2016考研英语倒装句语法之真题中常出现的倒装形式

郑大考研网

　　本篇文章，将分析真题中倒装的另外的一些形式。
　　(一)so...that结构
　　so...that结构中，“so+状语”位于句首表强调时，使用部分倒装。
　　例句1： So involved with their computers do the children become that leaders at summer computer camps often have to force them to break for sports and games. (2001年第6题)
　　分析：这是一个倒装结构，强调so 引导的从句，所以助动词前移：So involved with their computers do the children become，原句是：The children become so involved with their computers that leaders at summer computer camps often have to force them to break for sports and games.
　　翻译：这些孩子如此沉迷于电脑以至于在暑期电脑集训营中领导们不得不强迫孩子们休息下做做体育运动玩玩游戏。
　　(二)下列几类副词或介词短语作状语置于句首表强调，全部倒装。
　　频度副词：often， always， now and then等；
　　方式副词： well， with every justification，with good reason等；
　　表程度的副词或介词短语：especially， to such an extent， to such extremes.
　　例句2：Especially significant was his view of freedom, which, for him, was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual: he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression. (2014年英语一翻译49)
　　分析： 本句为完全倒装，主句的主干是his view of freedom was especially significant。
　　his view of freedom后为which引导的非限定性定语从句，修饰freedom，关系代词which在定语从句中作主语。of the individual修饰the rights and responsibilities，冒号后进行解释说明。
　　翻译：尤为重要的是贝多芬对于自由的看法，他认为，这种自由是与个人的权利和责任联系起来的：他倡导思想自由和个人言论自由。
　　(三)as， though， no matter how， however引导的让步状语从句
　　as， though引导的倒装句型为：名词(前不加a或an)/形容词/副词+as+主语+谓语，该结构可用(al)though引导的让步状语从句来替换，译为“虽然”或“尽管”。
　　例句： Odd though it sounds， cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary particle physics， and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true. (1998年翻译第75题)
　　分析： 该句是复合句，odd though it sounds是一倒装句，其中it指代cosmic inflation，介词短语in elementary particle physics修饰ideas，that it is true在句中作convinced的宾语，另一介词短语for the better part of a decade作状语表示时间。
　　翻译：宇宙膨胀说虽然听似奇特，但它是基本粒子物理学中一些公认的理论在科学上看来可信的推论。许多天体物理学家七、八年来一直认为这一论说是正确的。
　　(四)其他部分倒装情况表示前面陈述的情况适合于后者，前面是肯定句，后面用so引导；前面是否定句，后面用neither或nor引导，省略倒装句中的助动词在时态和语态形式上与前面句子保持一致。
　　例句： Americans no longer expect public figures， whether in speech or in writing， to command the English with skill and gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themselves. (2005年阅读Text 4)
　　分析： 该句是由nor引导的并列句。whether in speech or in writing的完整形式是whether they are in speech or in writing，表示让步；介词短语with skill and gift在句中作状语修饰动词command.
　　翻译： 美国人不再期望公众人物在演讲或写作时可以娴熟地运用技巧和文采来掌握英语，而人们本身也不这样要求自己。